Along-isobath averaging

This recipe shows how to perform an along-isobath averaging for scalar quantities (and vector quantities that are not rotated to along- and across-contour) in ACCESS-OM2-01.

Such along-isobath averaging is relevant for Antarctic shelf analyses, where a zonal average over a section of cross-shelf regions is needed.

Some caveats:

1. If there are deep valleys or troughs around the coastline, those will be averaged with deeper isobaths further offshore. Similarly, if there are seamounts off-shore, these will be averaged with shallower regions on the continental slope. Careful adjustment of the mask is necessary to ensure your results are interpretable.

2. The bottom depths in ht and hu reflect the adaptive vertical grid in ACCESS, but the variables have NaNs at some of these depths. So, we end up with uneven binning if we bin along isobaths which do not exist in the variable field. As a simple fix, we mask our region of interest by ht and hu, but we bin by the bottom depth derived from the 3D variables (e.g., temperature) – these are the hu_coarse and ht_coarse variables. This workaround can be further inspected in the future.

Resources

This recipe was generated on a Large ARE instance, and may not work on smaller sizes. ___

This notebook was run with PYTHONWARNINGS="ignore" set in the environment variables. We do not recommend doing so as it may hide useful information. However, for the purposes of this recipe, it was necessary to hide these warnings. If you run this recipe without PYTHONWARNINGS="ignore" set, you may see a number of additional warnings.

Load the necessary modules.

import intake
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import xarray as xr
from xhistogram.xarray import histogram
from dask.distributed import Client

import warnings, os
# Set warnings to only show once - we are going to get a lot of repetitive warnings later on
warnings.filterwarnings(action='once',category=RuntimeWarning)
warnings.filterwarnings(action='once',category=FutureWarning)
os.environ["PYTHONWARNINGS"] = "once" # This gets subprocesses - like dask workers - to follow this too

client = Client(threads_per_worker = 1)
client

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/distributed/node.py:187: UserWarning: Port 8787 is already in use.
Perhaps you already have a cluster running?
Hosting the HTTP server on port 36729 instead
  warnings.warn(

Client

Client-44593102-78c2-11f0-984b-00000190fe80

Connection method: Cluster object	Cluster type: distributed.LocalCluster
Dashboard: /proxy/36729/status

Launch dashboard in JupyterLab

Cluster Info

LocalCluster

f342d737

Dashboard: /proxy/36729/status	Workers: 48
Total threads: 48	Total memory: 188.56 GiB
Status: running	Using processes: True

Scheduler Info

Scheduler

Scheduler-06cd113b-669c-4dc6-9a44-9f77e6cfa118

Comm: tcp://127.0.0.1:39791	Workers: 0
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Started: Just now	Total memory: 0 B

Workers

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<frozen importlib._bootstrap>:241: RuntimeWarning: numpy.ndarray size changed, may indicate binary incompatibility. Expected 16 from C header, got 96 from PyObject

catalog = intake.cat.access_nri
experiment = '01deg_jra55v13_ryf9091' # the RYF90-91 experiment

esm_ds = catalog[experiment]
esm_ds

01deg_jra55v13_ryf9091 catalog with 22 dataset(s) from 11947 asset(s):

	unique
filename	3469
path	11947
file_id	22
frequency	5
start_date	3361
end_date	3360
variable	205
variable_long_name	197
variable_standard_name	36
variable_cell_methods	3
variable_units	52
realm	2
derived_variable	0

Note that the bathymetry provided by ht and hu is not discretised into the same bins as st_ocean(_edges). The histogram function in this code thus yields uneven bins if we bin ht by st_ocean_edges bins. As a result, we use ht and hu for our masking, but we obtain bottom bathymetry from the variable itself, which is discretised into st_ocean bins.

1. Define your region of interest.

Bathymetry variables, ht and hu, are used for masking unwanted deep regions on the continental shelf and shallow regions offshore.

# Search for bathymetry - on u and t grid.
esm_ds.search(variable=['hu','ht'])

01deg_jra55v13_ryf9091 catalog with 1 dataset(s) from 1116 asset(s):

	unique
filename	1
path	1116
file_id	1
frequency	1
start_date	1116
end_date	1116
variable	20
variable_long_name	20
variable_standard_name	2
variable_cell_methods	2
variable_units	6
realm	1
derived_variable	0

They’re both in a single dataset, so we can load them together using .to_dask(). We use xarray_open_kwargs = {'chunks' : "auto"} to let dask determine the chunks. We also set "decode_timedelta" : False to disable a bunch of useless warnings related to a library change.

bathy = esm_ds.search(variable=['hu','ht']).to_dask(
    xarray_open_kwargs={
        "chunks" : "auto",
    }
)

hu = bathy['hu']
ht = bathy['ht']
hu

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/core.py:301: FutureWarning: When grouping with a length-1 list-like, you will need to pass a length-1 tuple to get_group in a future version of pandas. Pass `(name,)` instead of `name` to silence this warning.
  records = grouped.get_group(internal_key).to_dict(orient='records')
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.py:25: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  VAR_ATTRIBUTES = yaml.load(
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/argopy/__init__.py:32: DeprecationWarning: The 'argopy.utilities' has moved to 'argopy.utils'. After 0.1.15, importing 'utilities' will raise an error. Please update your script.
  from . import utilities  # noqa: E402  # being deprecated until 0.1.15, then remove
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/core/npstats.py:238: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  """Gaussian frequency spectrum (Bunney et al., 2014).
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/tornado/ioloop.py:945: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.TextIOWrapper name='/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/wavespectra/output/ww3.yml' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
  val = self.callback()
ResourceWarning: Enable tracemalloc to get the object allocation traceback
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/source.py:306: ConcatenationWarning: Attempting to concatenate datasets without valid dimension coordinates: retaining only first dataset. Request valid dimension coordinate to silence this warning.
  warnings.warn(

<xarray.DataArray 'hu' (yu_ocean: 2700, xu_ocean: 3600)> Size: 39MB
dask.array<open_dataset-hu, shape=(2700, 3600), dtype=float32, chunksize=(2700, 3600), chunktype=numpy.ndarray>
Coordinates:
  * xu_ocean  (xu_ocean) float64 29kB -279.9 -279.8 -279.7 ... 79.8 79.9 80.0
  * yu_ocean  (yu_ocean) float64 22kB -81.09 -81.05 -81.0 ... 89.92 89.96 90.0
    geolon_c  (yu_ocean, xu_ocean) float32 39MB dask.array<chunksize=(2700, 3600), meta=np.ndarray>
    geolat_c  (yu_ocean, xu_ocean) float32 39MB dask.array<chunksize=(2700, 3600), meta=np.ndarray>
Attributes:
    long_name:     ocean depth on u-cells
    units:         m
    valid_range:   [-1.e+09  1.e+09]
    cell_methods:  time: point

xarray.DataArray

'hu'

• yu_ocean: 2700
• xu_ocean: 3600

• dask.array<chunksize=(2700, 3600), meta=np.ndarray>

  Array Chunk Bytes 37.08 MiB 37.08 MiB Shape (2700, 3600) (2700, 3600) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

• Coordinates: (4)
  • xu_ocean
    (xu_ocean)
    float64
    -279.9 -279.8 -279.7 ... 79.9 80.0

    long_name :

    ucell longitude

    units :

    degrees_E

    cartesian_axis :

    X

    array([-279.9, -279.8, -279.7, ...,   79.8,   79.9,   80. ])

  • yu_ocean
    (yu_ocean)
    float64
    -81.09 -81.05 -81.0 ... 89.96 90.0

    long_name :

    ucell latitude

    units :

    degrees_N

    cartesian_axis :

    Y

    array([-81.087512, -81.045273, -81.003033, ...,  89.915537,  89.957776,
            90.      ])

  • geolon_c
    (yu_ocean, xu_ocean)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(2700, 3600), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    uv longitude

    units :

    degrees_E

    valid_range :

    [-281. 361.]

    cell_methods :

    time: point

    Array Chunk Bytes 37.08 MiB 37.08 MiB Shape (2700, 3600) (2700, 3600) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • geolat_c
    (yu_ocean, xu_ocean)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(2700, 3600), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    uv latitude

    units :

    degrees_N

    valid_range :

    [-91. 91.]

    cell_methods :

    time: point

    Array Chunk Bytes 37.08 MiB 37.08 MiB Shape (2700, 3600) (2700, 3600) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

• Indexes: (2)
  • xu_ocean
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([             -279.9, -279.79999999999995, -279.69999999999993,
            -279.5999999999999,  -279.4999999999999, -279.39999999999986,
           -279.29999999999984,  -279.1999999999998,  -279.0999999999998,
            -278.9999999999998,
           ...
             79.09999999999494,   79.19999999999493,   79.29999999999492,
             79.39999999999492,   79.49999999999491,    79.5999999999949,
              79.6999999999949,    79.7999999999949,   79.89999999999489,
                          80.0],
          dtype='float64', name='xu_ocean', length=3600))

  • yu_ocean
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([-81.08751200116458,  -81.0452726467841, -81.00303329240361,
           -80.96079393802313, -80.91855458364265, -80.87631522926216,
           -80.83407587488168, -80.79183652050119, -80.74959716612071,
           -80.70735781174022,
           ...
            89.61986158602242,  89.66210094040294,  89.70434029478342,
            89.74657964916385,  89.78881900354438,  89.83105835792489,
            89.87329771230527,  89.91553706668577,   89.9577764210665,
                         90.0],
          dtype='float64', name='yu_ocean', length=2700))

• Attributes: (4)

  long_name :

  ocean depth on u-cells

  units :

  m

  valid_range :

  [-1.e+09 1.e+09]

  cell_methods :

  time: point

As a simple example, we mask out everything but the Ross Sea shallower than 2000 meters. Alternatively, users can define any polygon as their mask.

# Define the region of interest
lon_slice = slice(-200, -150)
lat_slice = slice(-80, -68)
mask_depth = 2000

# select correct extent of ht, hu for use later:
ht = ht.sel(xt_ocean=lon_slice).sel(yt_ocean=lat_slice)
hu = hu.sel(xu_ocean=lon_slice).sel(yu_ocean=lat_slice)

# create masks:
mask_t = ht.sel(xt_ocean=lon_slice).sel(yt_ocean=lat_slice) < mask_depth
mask_u = hu.sel(xu_ocean=lon_slice).sel(yu_ocean=lat_slice) < mask_depth
mask_t = mask_t.where(mask_t != 0)
mask_u = mask_u.where(mask_u != 0)

# mask bathymetry:
hu_masked = hu * mask_u
ht_masked = ht * mask_t

# Plot the bathymetry in the mask region:
ht_masked.plot()
plt.title('Bathymetry in region of interest')
plt.show()

2. Import variables for averaging, set up thickness and area for weighting, and isobath bins.

# Import properties to average along isobaths.

# Define the start and end times #
start_time, end_time = '2170-01-01', '2179-12-16'
# For searching with the intake catalog, we can use wildcard searches: so start_date = '217[0,9].*' means any date starting with 2170,2171..2179
# See https://access-nri-intake-catalog.readthedocs.io/en/latest/usage/quickstart.html#data-discovery for more info

# Define the variables we want to load
variables =['salt','temp','pot_rho_0','u','v']

esm_ds.search(variable=variables,frequency='1mon', start_date='217[0,9].*')

01deg_jra55v13_ryf9091 catalog with 1 dataset(s) from 8 asset(s):

	unique
filename	1
path	8
file_id	1
frequency	1
start_date	8
end_date	8
variable	46
variable_long_name	42
variable_standard_name	11
variable_cell_methods	2
variable_units	18
realm	1
derived_variable	0

All our variables are in the one dataset - so we can load them all at once - this is more efficient than doing things separately

# Load the dataset
var_dataset = esm_ds.search(
    variable=variables,frequency='1mon', start_date='217[0,9].*'
).to_dask(
    xarray_open_kwargs={
        'chunks' : "auto",
    }
)
# Select out slice
var_dataset = var_dataset.sel(time=slice(start_time, end_time)).sel(yt_ocean=lat_slice)

# Separate our variables into data arrays
temp = var_dataset['temp']
salt = var_dataset['salt']
density = var_dataset['pot_rho_0']
u = var_dataset['u']
v = var_dataset['v']

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/core.py:301: FutureWarning: When grouping with a length-1 list-like, you will need to pass a length-1 tuple to get_group in a future version of pandas. Pass `(name,)` instead of `name` to silence this warning.
  records = grouped.get_group(internal_key).to_dict(orient='records')

Compute volume and area for weighted averaging using xhistogram package.

Note that the thickness here is not time-varying. Use dzt for time-varying thickness if necessary.

esm_ds.search(variable='st_ocean',frequency='1mon').unique().file_id

['ocean.1mon.grid_xt_ocean:3600.grid_xu_ocean:3600.grid_yt_ocean:2700.grid_yu_ocean:2700.neutral:80.neutralrho_edges:81.nv:2.potrho:80.potrho_edges:81.st_edges_ocean:76.st_ocean:75.sw_edges_ocean:76.sw_ocean:75.xt_ocean:3600.xu_ocean:3600.yt_ocean:2700.yu_ocean:2700',
 'ocean.1mon.nv:2.st_edges_ocean:76.st_ocean:75.xt_ocean:3600.yt_ocean:2700']

%%time
grid_vars = ['xt_ocean','yt_ocean','st_edges_ocean','st_ocean']
coord_ds = esm_ds.search(
    variable=grid_vars,
    file_id='ocean.1mon.grid_xt_ocean:3600.grid_xu_ocean:3600.grid_yt_ocean:2700.grid_yu_ocean:2700.neutral:80.neutralrho_edges:81.nv:2.potrho:80.potrho_edges:81.st_edges_ocean:76.st_ocean:75.sw_edges_ocean:76.sw_ocean:75.xt_ocean:3600.xu_ocean:3600.yt_ocean:2700.yu_ocean:2700',
    frequency='1mon'
).to_dask(
    xarray_open_kwargs={
        'chunks' : "auto",
    }
)
xt_ocean = coord_ds['xt_ocean'].sel(xt_ocean=lon_slice)
yt_ocean = coord_ds['yt_ocean'].sel(yt_ocean=lat_slice)
st_ocean = coord_ds['st_ocean']

st_edges_ocean = coord_ds['st_edges_ocean']
st_edges_array = st_edges_ocean.expand_dims({'yt_ocean': yt_ocean, 'xt_ocean': xt_ocean}, axis=[1, 2])

# adjust for partial bottom cells:
st_edges_with_partial = st_edges_array.where(st_edges_array<ht, other=ht)
thickness = st_edges_with_partial.diff(dim='st_edges_ocean')

# change coordinate of thickness to st_ocean (needed for multipling with other variables):
thickness['st_edges_ocean'] = st_ocean.values
thickness = thickness.rename(({'st_edges_ocean':'st_ocean'}))

# area_t is in a different dataset - so we need to load it separately.
area_t = esm_ds.search(variable='area_t').to_dask(
    xarray_open_kwargs={
        'chunks' : "auto",
        "decode_timedelta" : False,
    }
)['area_t']
area_t = area_t.sel(yt_ocean=lat_slice)

volume = area_t * thickness

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/core.py:301: FutureWarning: When grouping with a length-1 list-like, you will need to pass a length-1 tuple to get_group in a future version of pandas. Pass `(name,)` instead of `name` to silence this warning.
  records = grouped.get_group(internal_key).to_dict(orient='records')
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/core.py:301: FutureWarning: When grouping with a length-1 list-like, you will need to pass a length-1 tuple to get_group in a future version of pandas. Pass `(name,)` instead of `name` to silence this warning.
  records = grouped.get_group(internal_key).to_dict(orient='records')
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/source.py:306: ConcatenationWarning: Attempting to concatenate datasets without valid dimension coordinates: retaining only first dataset. Request valid dimension coordinate to silence this warning.
  warnings.warn(

CPU times: user 11.3 s, sys: 1.66 s, total: 12.9 s
Wall time: 11.5 s

%%time
# As above, for the u-grid #
grid_vars = ['xu_ocean','yu_ocean','st_edges_ocean','st_ocean']
coord_ds = esm_ds.search(
    variable=grid_vars,
    file_id='ocean.1mon.grid_xt_ocean:3600.grid_xu_ocean:3600.grid_yt_ocean:2700.grid_yu_ocean:2700.neutral:80.neutralrho_edges:81.nv:2.potrho:80.potrho_edges:81.st_edges_ocean:76.st_ocean:75.sw_edges_ocean:76.sw_ocean:75.xt_ocean:3600.xu_ocean:3600.yt_ocean:2700.yu_ocean:2700',
    frequency='1mon'
).to_dask(
    xarray_open_kwargs={
        'chunks' : "auto",
    }
)
xu_ocean = coord_ds['xu_ocean'].sel(xu_ocean=lon_slice)
yu_ocean = coord_ds['yu_ocean'].sel(yu_ocean=lat_slice)
st_ocean = coord_ds['st_ocean']

st_edges_ocean = coord_ds['st_edges_ocean']
st_edges_array = st_edges_ocean.expand_dims({'yu_ocean': yu_ocean, 'xu_ocean': xu_ocean}, axis=[1, 2])

# adjust for partial bottom cells:
st_edges_with_partial = st_edges_array.where(st_edges_array<hu, other=hu)
thickness = st_edges_with_partial.diff(dim='st_edges_ocean')

# change coordinate of thickness to st_ocean (needed for multipling with other variables):
thickness['st_edges_ocean'] = st_ocean.values
thickness = thickness.rename(({'st_edges_ocean':'st_ocean'}))

# area_u is in a different dataset - so we need to load it separately.
area_u = esm_ds.search(variable='area_u').to_dask(xarray_open_kwargs={'chunks' : "auto"})['area_u']
area_u = area_u.sel(yu_ocean=lat_slice)

volume_u = area_u * thickness

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/core.py:301: FutureWarning: When grouping with a length-1 list-like, you will need to pass a length-1 tuple to get_group in a future version of pandas. Pass `(name,)` instead of `name` to silence this warning.
  records = grouped.get_group(internal_key).to_dict(orient='records')
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/core.py:301: FutureWarning: When grouping with a length-1 list-like, you will need to pass a length-1 tuple to get_group in a future version of pandas. Pass `(name,)` instead of `name` to silence this warning.
  records = grouped.get_group(internal_key).to_dict(orient='records')
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/intake_esm/source.py:306: ConcatenationWarning: Attempting to concatenate datasets without valid dimension coordinates: retaining only first dataset. Request valid dimension coordinate to silence this warning.
  warnings.warn(

CPU times: user 10.9 s, sys: 1.24 s, total: 12.1 s
Wall time: 10.3 s

### MASK YOUR REGION OF INTEREST ###

volume_masked = volume * mask_t
volume_u_masked = volume_u * mask_u
area_t_masked = area_t * mask_t
area_u_masked = area_u * mask_u
temp_masked = temp * mask_t
salt_masked = salt * mask_t
density_masked = density * mask_t
u_masked = u * mask_u

As mentioned above, we don’t use ht and hu for the histogram binning below, as our variable depth bins are st_edges_ocean, while ht and hu have much finer resolution, leading to uneven bins.

Below, we isolate the bottom st_ocean from the temp dataarray (as ht_coarse) and from u (as hu_coarse) that isn’t NaN. This is the variable over which we perform the binning. Note that we assume that NaN grid cells are NaN at all times (i.e., ht_coarse and hu_coarse don’t change over time).

%%time

###### T-GRID ######

# Create an empty DataArray with the same shape as 'temp_avg'
temp_avg = temp_masked.mean('time')
full_st_ocean_t = xr.full_like(temp_avg, np.nan)

# Assign the 1D st_ocean coordinate to the new DataArray, broadcasting along the other dimensions
full_st_ocean_t.data = np.broadcast_to(temp_avg.st_ocean.values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis], temp_avg.shape)
full_st_ocean_t_masked = full_st_ocean_t*temp_avg / temp_avg # Here, we mask by temp_avg to ensure the Nans are preserved

# Now 'full_st_ocean_t_masked' is a 3D DataArray with 'st_ocean' values broadcasted along yt_ocean and xt_ocean
# and masked by temp_avg

# Find the bottom depth for each (yt_ocean, xt_ocean) coordinate
ht_coarse = full_st_ocean_t_masked.max(dim='st_ocean').rename('ht_coarse')

###### U-GRID ######

# Create an empty DataArray with the same shape as 'u_avg'
u_avg = u_masked.mean('time')
full_st_ocean_u = xr.full_like(u_avg, np.nan)

# Assign the 1D st_ocean coordinate to the new DataArray, broadcasting along the other dimensions
full_st_ocean_u.data = np.broadcast_to(u_avg.st_ocean.values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis], u_avg.shape)
full_st_ocean_u_masked = full_st_ocean_u * u_avg / u_avg # Here, we mask by u_avg to ensure the Nans are preserved

# Now 'full_st_ocean_u_masked' is a 3D DataArray with 'st_ocean' values broadcasted along yu_ocean and xu_ocean
# and masked by u_avg

# Find the bottom depth for each (yu_ocean, xu_ocean) coordinate
hu_coarse = full_st_ocean_u_masked.max(dim='st_ocean').rename('hu_coarse')

CPU times: user 106 ms, sys: 72.2 ms, total: 179 ms
Wall time: 131 ms

3. Bin variables into isobath depth!

Here, we bin the variables of interest by isobath using the xhistogram package.

First, we define the edges of the isobath bins. It does make sense for these to be the same as st_edges_ocean because that is the vertical resolution of the ACCESS-OM2-01 model.

bins_isobath = st_edges_ocean.where(st_edges_ocean<=mask_depth).dropna(dim='st_edges_ocean').values

# Next, we sum the volume-weighted variable of interest along that isobath using xhistogram
V_sum = histogram(ht_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                  dim = ['yt_ocean', 'xt_ocean'],
                  weights = volume_masked)
Vu_sum = histogram(hu_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                   dim = ['yu_ocean', 'xu_ocean'],
                   weights = volume_u_masked)

A_sum = histogram(ht_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                  dim = ['yt_ocean', 'xt_ocean'],
                  weights = area_t_masked)
Au_sum = histogram(hu_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                   dim = ['yu_ocean', 'xu_ocean'],
                   weights = area_u_masked)

TV_sum = histogram(ht_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                   dim = ['yt_ocean', 'xt_ocean'],
                   weights = volume_masked * temp_masked)
SV_sum = histogram(ht_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                   dim = ['yt_ocean', 'xt_ocean'],
                   weights = volume_masked * salt_masked)
rhoV_sum = histogram(ht_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                     dim = ['yt_ocean', 'xt_ocean'],
                     weights = volume_masked * density_masked)
uV_sum = histogram(hu_coarse, bins = bins_isobath,
                   dim = ['yu_ocean', 'xu_ocean'],
                   weights = volume_u_masked * u_masked)

# Finally, we divide the summed, volume-weighted variable of interest by volume, to get a mean along an isobath

T_mean = TV_sum / V_sum
S_mean = SV_sum / V_sum
rho_mean = rhoV_sum / V_sum
u_mean = uV_sum / Vu_sum

The binning above creates an averaged field as a function of isobath.

Let’s plot this to see what it looks like!

plt.pcolor(T_mean.ht_coarse_bin, st_ocean, T_mean.mean('time') - 273.15)
plt.gca().invert_yaxis()
plt.ylim(2000,0)
plt.xlabel('Isobath [m]')
plt.ylabel('Depth [m]')
plt.colorbar(label = 'Temperature [$^\circ$C]')
plt.title('Temperature averaged along isobath');

## Each variable is averaged along isobaths, so the bathymetry looks diagonal in the plot #

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/distributed/client.py:3363: UserWarning: Sending large graph of size 163.75 MiB.
This may cause some slowdown.
Consider loading the data with Dask directly
 or using futures or delayed objects to embed the data into the graph without repetition.
See also https://docs.dask.org/en/stable/best-practices.html#load-data-with-dask for more information.
  warnings.warn(
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)

We can rescale the isobath (x-axis) to be scaled by the cumulative surface area covered by each isobath, from shallowest to deepest. This produces a “normalised area” or pseduo-latitude \(x\)-axis.

normalised_area_cumsum = (A_sum.cumsum('ht_coarse_bin') / np.nansum(A_sum)).values
normalised_area_cumsum_u = (Au_sum.cumsum('hu_coarse_bin') / np.nansum(Au_sum)).values

lat_max, lat_min = abs(mask_t.yt_ocean.max().values), abs(mask_t.yt_ocean.min().values)

## Here, we plot the averaged quantities as a function of normalised area (between 0 and 1)
## and pseudo-latitude
def normalised_to_pseudo_lat(normalised_area):
    return -1 * (lat_min - (lat_min - lat_max) * normalised_area)

def pseudo_lat_to_normalised(pseudo_lat):
    return (lat_min + pseudo_lat) / (lat_min - lat_max)

pseudo_lat = normalised_to_pseudo_lat(normalised_area_cumsum)
pseudo_lat_u = normalised_to_pseudo_lat(normalised_area_cumsum_u)

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/distributed/client.py:3363: UserWarning: Sending large graph of size 81.39 MiB.
This may cause some slowdown.
Consider loading the data with Dask directly
 or using futures or delayed objects to embed the data into the graph without repetition.
See also https://docs.dask.org/en/stable/best-practices.html#load-data-with-dask for more information.
  warnings.warn(
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/distributed/client.py:3363: UserWarning: Sending large graph of size 81.39 MiB.
This may cause some slowdown.
Consider loading the data with Dask directly
 or using futures or delayed objects to embed the data into the graph without repetition.
See also https://docs.dask.org/en/stable/best-practices.html#load-data-with-dask for more information.
  warnings.warn(
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/distributed/client.py:3363: UserWarning: Sending large graph of size 81.65 MiB.
This may cause some slowdown.
Consider loading the data with Dask directly
 or using futures or delayed objects to embed the data into the graph without repetition.
See also https://docs.dask.org/en/stable/best-practices.html#load-data-with-dask for more information.
  warnings.warn(
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/distributed/client.py:3363: UserWarning: Sending large graph of size 81.66 MiB.
This may cause some slowdown.
Consider loading the data with Dask directly
 or using futures or delayed objects to embed the data into the graph without repetition.
See also https://docs.dask.org/en/stable/best-practices.html#load-data-with-dask for more information.
  warnings.warn(

%%time
## Finally, plot the isobath-averaged properties. This should take about 3 minutes on a Large ARE Instance


fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(12, 10), facecolor='w', edgecolor='k')
fig.subplots_adjust(hspace = 0.35, wspace=0.2)
axs = axs.ravel()

fontsize = 13

im1 = axs[0].contourf(normalised_area_cumsum, st_ocean, T_mean.mean('time') - 273.15, levels=500,
                      vmin=-2, vmax=2, cmap=plt.cm.bwr)
im2 = axs[1].contourf(normalised_area_cumsum, st_ocean, S_mean.mean('time'), levels=500, vmin=34.1,
                      vmax = 34.7, cmap=plt.cm.viridis)
im3 = axs[2].contourf(normalised_area_cumsum, st_ocean, rho_mean.mean('time') - 1027, levels=500,
                      vmin=0.2, vmax=0.87, cmap=plt.cm.plasma)
im4 = axs[3].contourf(normalised_area_cumsum_u, st_ocean, u_mean.mean('time'), levels=500,
                      vmin=-0.06, vmax=0.06, cmap=plt.cm.bwr)

density_contours = np.linspace(1027.7, 1028, 5)

for i, ax in enumerate(axs):
    cont = ax.contour(normalised_area_cumsum_u, st_ocean, rho_mean.mean('time'), density_contours,
                      colors='gray', zorder=2, fontsize=fontsize)
    ax.invert_yaxis()
    ax.set_xlabel('Normalised distance from Antarctica')
    ax.set_ylim(mask_depth, 0)

    # Secondary x-axis: pseudo_lat
    twin_ax = ax.twiny()
    twin_ax.set_xlim(ax.get_xlim())  # Align the limits to match the shared x-axis
    twin_ax.set_xticks(pseudo_lat_to_normalised(np.arange(-80, -68, 2)))  # Match tick positions
    twin_ax.set_xticklabels(np.arange(-80, -68, 2))  # Replace tick labels with pseudo_lat values
    twin_ax.set_xlabel('Pseudo-Latitude (°)')

axs[0].set_ylabel('Depth [m]')

cb1 = plt.colorbar(im1, ax=axs[0], fraction=0.03, pad=0.2, orientation='horizontal')
cb2 = plt.colorbar(im2, ax=axs[1], fraction=0.03, pad=0.2, orientation='horizontal')
cb3 = plt.colorbar(im3, ax=axs[2], fraction=0.03, pad=0.2, orientation='horizontal')
cb4 = plt.colorbar(im4, ax=axs[3], fraction=0.03, pad=0.2, orientation='horizontal')

cb1.set_label('Time-mean Temp ($^\circ$C)')
cb2.set_label('Time-mean Salinity (g/kg)')
cb3.set_label('Time-mean Density (+1027 kg/m$^3$)')
cb4.set_label('Time-mean Zonal Velocity (m/s)')

cb1.set_ticks(np.linspace(np.min(T_mean.mean('time') - 273.15), np.max(T_mean.mean('time') - 273.15), 5))
cb2.set_ticks(np.linspace(np.min(S_mean.mean('time')), np.max(S_mean.mean('time')), 5))
cb3.set_ticks(np.linspace(np.min(rho_mean.mean('time') - 1027), np.max(rho_mean.mean('time') - 1027), 5))
cb4.set_ticks(np.linspace(np.min(u_mean.mean('time')), np.max(u_mean.mean('time')), 4))

plt.suptitle('Isobath-averaged properties', y=0.95);

/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)
/g/data/xp65/public/apps/med_conda/envs/analysis3-25.08/lib/python3.11/site-packages/dask/_task_spec.py:764: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide
  return self.func(*new_argspec)

CPU times: user 38.5 s, sys: 8.9 s, total: 47.4 s
Wall time: 57.8 s